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I'm not sure if this will help you, but I will try. For 2-5, when you have two samples, the degrees of freedom WITHIN would be the number of raw values (20 and 25) minus the number of samples or groups (2), so therefore the answer would be (20+25-2)=43. With four samples in 2-6, the degrees of freedom BETWEEN is equal to the number of groups or samples (in this case, 4) minus 1. Therefore the answer to 2-6 is (4-1) or 3.
Degrees of freedom BETWEEN= K-1
Degrees of freedom WITHIN=N-K
(K=number of groups or samples, and N=number of raw values)
For 2-7, the best guess of the population variance is the WITHIN VARIANCE ESTIMATE.
I hope that helps!
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